Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, so it’s natural to wonder what causes it. Understanding the risk factors can help you take control of your well-being and make smart health choices.
So, is cervical cancer genetic? Let’s dive in and unravel the complicated genetic threads of cancer.
Understanding Cervical Cancer Risk Factors
The most significant factor is an HPV infection. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common STI and is responsible for the majority of cervical cancer cases. However, having an HPV infection doesn’t guarantee you’ll develop cervical cancer-it just increases your risk.
Other factors that can increase your cervical cancer risk include:
- Not getting regular Pap tests
- Smoking
- Taking birth control pills for a long time
- Having a weak immune system
- Being exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) before birth
These risk factors don’t necessarily mean you’ll get cervical cancer. If you have any of these, it’s important to talk with your doctor about health management tips.
Is Cervical Cancer Genetic?
Although the primary cause of cervical cancer is an HPV infection, some genetic syndromes may also contribute to an individual’s risk. Two notable conditions associated with cervical cancer are DICER1 syndrome and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
DICER1 Syndrome
DICER1 syndrome is a rare genetic condition caused by mutations in the DICER1 gene. The gene plays a crucial role in the body’s production of microRNAs, which help control proteins. When the DICER1 gene is mutated, it can lead to the development of various types of cancers, including cervical cancer.
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is an uncommon disorder, with an estimated incidence of one in 25,000 to 300,000 births. Individuals with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome have mutations in the STK11 gene, which handles the production of enzymes that control cell growth and division.
Identifying Symptoms and Getting Tested
Recognizing the symptoms of cervical cancer and having regular checkups are crucial in catching the disease early. Some common symptoms of cervical cancer include:
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding
- Pain during sex
- Pelvic pain
- Discharge that smells bad or is bloody
It’s also important to differentiate between symptoms of cervical cancer and other conditions. For example, a skin tag vs genital wart. Skin tags are harmless, while genital warts are a result of an HPV infection.
Prevention and Vaccination
One way to significantly reduce your cervical cancer risk is by getting vaccinated against HPV. The HPV vaccine is available for individuals over the age of nine.
Additionally, practicing safe sex, getting regular health screenings, and living a healthy lifestyle can also reduce your risk of cervical cancer.
Managing Cervical Cancer Risks
Is cervical cancer genetic? Yes, genetics can play a role in the development of cervical cancer. However, HPV infection is the primary cause.
Genetic syndromes like DICER1 syndrome and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome do contribute to an individual’s risk. Still, these conditions are rare.
Taking preventative measures, such as getting vaccinated against HPV, having regular Pap tests, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, are your best defense against cervical cancer.
Explore our health section if you want even more tips for your health journey, and always reach out to your healthcare provider if you have any concerns.